Family Allegiance in Edith Whartons The Age of Innocence :: Edith Wharton Age Innocense

Family Allegiance in Edit Wharton's The Age of Innocence It is a clichà © to say that a picture is worth a thousand words. But I will state it anyway: a picture can truly be worth a thousand words. Therefore, any frame that contains the picture and alters the interpretation or viewing of the picture also affects these thousand words. This analogy pertains to the wide world of literature, in which certain frames can affect our perceptions of women and gender-related roles within families, marriages, and cultures. Edith Wharton had the unique ability to see her New York culture in a different light than her contemporaries. As she reminisces about â€Å"Old† New York, Wharton can put her picture (in this case an analogy for her novel, The Age of Innocence) in the frame of family allegiances in order to show how this frame affected women’s relationships including marriage and families, and how these relationships were perceived by the culture of â€Å"Old† New York through the characters in her novel. The plot of The Age of Innocence revolves around Countess Olenska, who while being raised in New York is considered an immigrant to the â€Å"Old† New York society because she married and moved to Europe. Upon separating from her husband who was very cruel to her, she reunites with her cousin May and her family, and May’s new husband Newland Archer (whose family she thereby also inherits). This is where the frame of family allegiance is initially encountered in the novel. May and Newland wanted to hold off announcing their engagement until the standard cultural time period passed, but decided to go ahead with it in order to put the full force of two families behind the Countess instead of only May’s family. This cultural frame shows how the society was limited; in order to confront the taboo of possible divorce, the character’s options were restricted. Edith Wharton does a nice job of highlighting the irony of this frame: by viewing the situation and resp onding through this cultural frame, the characters squelched another cultural norm (the customary waiting period). Viewing it through this frame, Countess Olenska seems meek because she needs the help of her family to pull her through the situation. She is powerless to fight off an entire society who frowns on divorce, even if it is in her best interests. But Wharton does not leave it at that, because she uses her irony within the context of this frame to show that her sufferings come from this intra-family allegiance that does not give her any options.

Mark Twain: America’s Great Humorist Essay

The 19th century United States was ravage by war, poverty and great expansion. Novels and American Literature flourished during this time leaving many of this period’s great authors to remain infamous. Much of this literature is still considered some of the most influential written works of art the world over. Students all over the country still read and learn much from one of these authors being Mark Twain. The writing, of Mark Twain, one of America’s greatest humorists and novelists, was the result of his travels and life experiences. Mark Twain the father of American Literature was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens on November 30th 1835 in Florida, Missouri. He was born the sixth of seven children extremely premature and sickly, to Jane Lampton Clemens and Marshall Clemens, a clerk, attorney general, and storeowner in Tennessee (The Life That Shaped Mark Twain). His father passed when at the young age of twelve while his mother lived until he was fifty-five years old. (M ark Twain House) Samuel’s early life was greatly influenced by the Mississippi river after he moved to Hannibal, Missouri at the age of 4. Look more:  huckleberry finn essay Hannibal became the influence for the fictitious town, St. Petersburg in both novels on Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. Samuel never had any formal education, but was a quick and keen learner, and visited public libraries quite frequently. Being so fascinated by the river, he became a cub apprentice with the ambition of becoming a riverboat pilot, later earning his license in 1858. His experiences as a successful pilot played a major role in his writing, and even influenced the pen name he used for his entire writing career. The river also took his brother, Henry’s life being the victim of a steamboat explosion while working on the river (Hannibel.net). Clemens’ love for literature was apparent early on. He began working as a typesetter or printing apprentice at the age of eleven and continued to do so, throughout most of his young life. He traveled around most of the country even worked as a typesetter in New York City, Philadelphia, St. Louis, San Francisco and more. He wrote for several newspapers and worked as an editor temporarily (Mark Twain House). He even served a short time in the confederate army, seeing no action and later was sent to travel European countries with the assignment of writing travel logs to be printed in the newspapers (The Life That Shaped  Mark Twain). Although he enjoyed working in the printing world he returned to the river that he loved so much and became a steamboat pilot, a position that held great rank and esteem. The pilot’s were paid well for the time and were essential for knowing the ever-changing depths of the Mississippi River. As the pilots charted along the river they would frequently stop to check the river depths using the second line on a pole in the river signified two fathoms or twelve feet deep, which meant the water was deep enough for the boats to pass. To signify this depth the boat workers would cry out, â€Å"mark twain.† (The Mississippi River) This is where he would receive his iconic pen name. He continued to work as a steamboat pilot even though the Mississippi t ook the life of his younger brother in a tragic steamboat explosion. If it weren’t for the outbreak of American Civil War, in 1865 ceasing travel on the Mississippi, he may have spent the rest of his days on that river (Mark Twain House). With no work as a steamboat pilot, he left the river to follow his older brother Orion, to the west. During this time he traveled the western part of the US, through the Rocky Mountains, visited Mormon towns and stopped in Virginia City, Nevada where it was that he first used the pen name, Mark Twain. Upon returning home from his travels he settled down and married Olivia Livy Langdon in 1870 and had 4 children together. Their marriage was plagued with heartache. Of the three daughters that they had together, Susy, Clara and Jean only Clara lived past her twenties. They also had one son together who died of Diphtheria at nineteen months old. Some historians suggest that many of his works were influenced by the social elite he came into contact with as a result of his marriage. From his marriage to Olivia, who came from a liberal yet educated family, this broad man was exposed to much more. He met slavery supporters, abolitionists, women’s rights activists (including Harriett Beecher Stowe) and Frederick Douglas a utopian writer. His views expanded and in the coming years he wrote most of his successful works at his sister-in-law’s house during summer holidays (Mark Twain House). Oliver and Samuel settled down in a home that he built for the couple in Hartford, Connecticut where he felt the family would be properly sheltered. The great works of Mark Twain included: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Life on the Mississippi, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, and A Tramp Abroad were greatly influenced by his early  life, experiences on the Mississippi river and his world travels (Mark Twain House). In writing, A Connecticut Yankee, he opened the world to a new genre of writing, being science fic tion. The novel tells the story of Hank a Connecticut blacksmith whom was knocked out in a fight and wakes up back in time in King Arthur’s Court (A Connecticut Yankee). This increased interest in time travel and more and a recent motion picture film entitled, The Black Knight, starring Martin Lawrence was a loose adaption of this 1889 classic (The Black Knight). The author included his feelings on many controversial topics into his work. He wrote of political issues, issues between the north and south, slavery, and poked fun at political and social norms. He held a great belief in mystic connections and included this symbology in many of his pieces of writing. Many contribute this to his birth coinciding with Halley’s Comet (Mark Twain House). In the Adventures of Tom Sawyer slavery was barely mentioned by Twain, and African Americans were referred as â€Å"Negros,† instead of more colorful terms used at that time. Then in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain portrays Huckleberry Finn as being adamantly against slavery even attempting to prevent Jim, the, â€Å"negro,† from being found. Twain wrote Huckleberry Finn, during a time that ex-slaves were subjected to economic exploitation, disenfranchisement, and unprovoked lynchings. Huckleberry Finn, is a satire not about slavery but of the racism that overtook American society as Twain wrote the book in the late 1870s and early 1880s, which continues to stain America today (Mark Twain House). The author’s views on slavery in the US, during the 1800’s, was greatly influenced by his early upbringing in the state of Missouri, a slave state. Later he related to those experiences in his novels when expressing his own views on the practice of slavery. Being a southerner he was taught to be pro-slavery, and was encouraged to keep slaves, but he truly shared mixed views on the subject that comprised of southern, western and, â⠂¬Å"Yankee beliefs.† The author developed this mixed view thru his experiences as a wanderer, living in hundreds of places around the world. This broad experience allowed him the freedom to choose views on slavery that weren’t innate to southern living. This was a difficult position as anti-slavery beliefs, were against the beliefs of his family. Conversations with abolitionists, his father in law, and former slaves, forced Twain, to re-examine the world and the morals that were ingrained in him as a result  of his southern upbringing (Mark Twain House). One of Samuel’s earliest memories of slaves came from an old slave couple who worked on his uncle’s farm. He spent time there in the summer with his siblings and would often be entertained by the story-telling of slave, Dan’l and Aunt Hannah. They were some of the first slaves that he knew and cared for before he, ever knew it was, â€Å"wrong.† (The Life That Shaped Mark Twain) In one of his many autobiographies, he explained that one of his first memories of seeing slaves haunted him. It was a memory of ten or more slaves chained together waiting to be shipped downriver to the slave market. He remarked on how sad their faces were (Hannibal.net). He later would make his first writing appearance in Atlantic Monthly by telling the true and sad account of a slave named, Mary Ann Cord whose husband and seven children were taken from her and sold to other slaveholders. Mark Twain felt this was wrong and decided to share it with the world (The Life That Shaped Mark Twain). In Huckleberry Finn, Samuel writes that after Huck helped slave Jim get to freedom, his conscious started to eat at him, causing him to write a letter to Jim’s owner, explaining where Jim was. He thought to himself about how close, â€Å"I came to being lost and going to hell.† (Twain, 214) After writing the letter he hesitates while thinking to himself on the river’s edge, about how good Jim was and about their great time together and then he said to himself, â€Å"All right, then, I’ll go to hell,† tearing up the letter and changing his mind (Twain, 214). This scene most definitely symbolizes the internal struggle Samuel felt, when dealing with the act of slavery. Samuel met great success with his many works of fiction, but his love for science ate through his pocket. Samuel made more than todays’ 8 million dollars and spent it all on trying to help new inventions take off which turned out to be great failures. All of his savings were dumped into science due to the fact that it intrigued him so much that he wanted to be apart of something new. Many say that Twain passed away from a broken heart, the summer before the death of his last daughter his best friend H.H. Rogers also passed away. It is said that the sadness from the combination of great losses created his broken heart. He died on April 21, 1910 at the age of 75 along with the reappearance on Haley’s comet. He always joked that came into this world with Haley and would also leave with her. In his later life Samuel attempted having a publishing company and continued on writing. (Mark  Twain House) His last writing included an autobiography that was written in a jumble chronological order, always sticking to his humorist roots. Many scholars and historians have attempted to reorganize the work as to make it more understandable without success. With his jumbled autobiography he left American Literature forever changed. The Kennedy Center in Washington, DC even gives the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor, every year to an artist who displays a great impact on American society similar to the ways that Mark Twain did in the 19th century (Kennedy Center). Samuel left behind a legacy of great humor and sati re all of which can be attributed to his life on the Mississippi River his experiences and his world travels. Works Cited â€Å"2013 Mark Twain Prize Recipient Carol Burnett.† The Kennedy Center Mark Twain Prize for Humor. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. â€Å"The Black Knight.† IMDb. IMDb.com, n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. â€Å"A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court: Novel Summary.† Novelguide. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. â€Å"A Life Lived in a Rapidly Changing World: Samuel L. Clemens‚ 1835-1910.† Welcome to the Mark Twain House & Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. â€Å"Hannibal.net | The Hannibal Courier-Post.† Hannibal.net | The Hannibal Courier-Post. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. â€Å"The Life That Shaped Mark Twain’s Anti-Slavery Views.† AFT. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. â€Å"The Mississippi River.† Mark Twain at Large:. University of California, n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. Twain, Mark, and Harriet Elinor. Smith. Autobiography of Mark Twain (vol. 1): Authoritative Edition from the Mark Twain Project. Readers ed. Vol. 1. Berkeley, CA: U of California, 2010. Print. Mark Twain Papers.

Reflection To Writing Piece. As Writing My Piece, I There

Reflection to Writing Piece As writing my piece, I there were definite challenges and successes. These challenges and successful moments reminded me in my own journey as a student writer to an adult writer. In working with a group, I also found definitive successes and challenges. However, writing is an ever changing and growing craft and this process was part of my personal journey as both a teacher and a student. The first part of my reflection, includes my personal journey and how it relates to my students. I noticed when I was writing (and even when writing this reflection), I took every opportunity to procrastinate. I am usually a pretty hardworking and organized student, so it almost shocked myself to feel like a fourth grader†¦show more content†¦I kept wanting to go back and edit it more or change the language. I think as a student I don’t remember having this feeling. I also don’t know if it is because it was typed and that made it easier to edit. In addition, as an adult, I am a lso a skilled typist, so it was easy to do so. I am not sure how to translate this to students. I think as a student you almost want to finish and then not look at it again. I think the best way to teach students how to edit is to model. I think we should model what editing looks like and maybe even show how easy it can be to edit. Maybe even allowing students to type using an editor in Microsoft word. After I decided my final version of my poem we had our revision groups. In the revision groups, there were a lot of positive aspects. My favorite part was having another person revising with me. This way, sometimes I would doubt if my revisions made sense or were even beneficial, it was helpful to have another person next to me either to say no I feel the same way or can you explain more? In addition, I really liked asking people questions about their writing. I think it helps to verbalize your intent as author. In addition, what I liked in the revision groups was the immediate feedb ack. After I wrote my narrative, I wanted the feedback from my peers. I wanted to know if what I wrote was good or if it was confusing garbage. I think it’s honestly joyful to have others read your work and enjoy it. Lastly, there wasShow MoreRelatedTheory of Writing1719 Words   |  7 PagesWriting varies from a text message to a novel. Writers often have a difficult task in creating a piece of work that truly identifies the meaning of good writing. Every good writer usually starts with the basics such as genre, audience, rhetorical situation, and reflection of the piece. Throughout this semester, we have gone through all of these key terms in great detail with each new assignment that has come our way. 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Alfred Hitchcocks Rear Window Essay - 1050 Words

Alfred Hitchcocks Rear Window In Rear Window, Alfred Hitchcock took a plot-driven short story and transformed it into a character-driven movie. Although differences must exist between text and film, because of the limitations and advantages of the different media, Hitchcock has done more than translate a word-based story into a visual movie. Aside from adding enough details to fill a two-hour movie, Hitchcock has done much to change the perspective of the story, as well as the main character. The novel’s Hal Jeffries, a seemingly hard-boiled and not overly intellectual man contrasts sharply with the photojournalist J.B. Jeffries of the movie. The addition of supporting characters, such as Lisa, diminishes somewhat the†¦show more content†¦Hitchcock uses several devices to help the reader identify more with the character of Jeff. While he obviously desires to be some kind of hero, both in the story and the movie, he as prevented from doing so in both by the restriction of his moveme nt. The story never explains fully the reason Jeffries is bound to his room, merely saying â€Å"my movements were strictly limited†¦I could get from the window to the bed, and from the bed to the window† (5). In the film, Jeff has broken his leg while photographing a car crash. The specificity of the injury not only justifies Jeff’s immobility, but also gives him a more masculine edge, by his actions while being injured. The Jeffries character in the short story appears to be a lone sort of character. He lives alone, with little contact with the outside world. His only human interaction, aside from the imagined connection provided by his watching his neighbors, occurs with Sam, a paid servant. While his suspicions of his neighbor do force him to contact a detective, his thoughts before he calls the detective reveal his isolationist tendencies: â€Å"I didn’t want to be involved any more than I had to. Or at all, if possible† (16). 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Juvenile Rats - 948 Words

The hypothesize that females are protected from developing neurodevelopmental disorders. That is because of their sex hormones, estrogen provides a great neuroprotection, done by suppressing the neuro-excitotoxicity induced by glutamate. Research article by Etidal Al-Suwailem, Sex differences in the glutamate signaling pathway in juvenile rats goes into the discussion and understanding of how sex gender is represented in autism. The authors conducted research in this area to understand why the female is at lower risk than a male when it comes to the development of neurodevelopmental disorders. With the attempt to understand the differences in glutamate signaling as an etiological mechanism in autism. This research was performed with 15†¦show more content†¦Also, Glu/GABA and Glu/Glt 1 ratios were lower in the female rat than in the male. GLN/GS ratio was also low in females (p=0.021) than in male. What had become an outlier making the researchers see something different wa s when the GLN/GAD =67 was higher in the female rat than in the male. Though GLN was not different in neither the concentration of GS in the brain cells went up by p = 0.019 in the female compared to the male. Even though that was shown higher it didn’t change the hypothesis keeping it still that the female rats will show less effectiveness to obtain the characteristic to obtain neurological development of autism as fast as the male rat. Throughout the experiment though finding the things that support their hypothesis the researchers also came to several others. The researchers came to an understanding that Gln is not active with in the sense it cannot activate the receptors in Glu. This was brought up because of Glu and Gln being enzymes of GS which is found to be very active within the brain especially in the neurons. Sex hormones play such a big role in the process of growing from a juvenile to an adult. 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For instance, rats fed on a HFHS diet experienced rapid and persistent impairments in spatial memory performance but had little difficulties completing object recognition task in the same environments (Tran Westbrook, 2015). Similarly, it was reported that rats performed significantly worse on spatial memory task following consumption of a HFHS diet, but were not different from chow-fedRead MoreFrederic Skinner s Influence On The Mind Of Reward And Punishment1067 Words   |  5 Pageson rats to observe a particular behavior. During these experiments Skinner identified three types of responses that followed a behavior: Neutral operant s, Reinforces and punishments. Ne utral operant s are the responses that occur that neither increases or decreases a behavior from happening. Reinforces are responses that occur where the behavior can be repeated. There are both positive and negative reinforces. During Skinner s experiment, positive reinforcement was used on a hungry rat. TheRead MoreCase Brief Essay1205 Words   |  5 PagesCarroll Middle School, spoke on the telephone and decided to kill their homeroom teacher, Janice Geiger. They agreed that Coffman would bring rat poison to school the following days so that it could be placed in Geigers drink. After that , they would steal Geigers car and drive to the Smoky Mountains. On the morning of January 6, Coffman placed a packet of rat poison in her purse and board the school bus. Coffman told another student, Christy Hernandez, of the plan and show her the poison. HernandezRead MoreCase Brief1210 Words   |  5 PagesCarroll Middle School, spoke on the telephone and decided to kill their homeroom teacher, Janice Geiger. They agreed that Coffman would bring rat poison to school the following days so that it could be placed in Geiger s drink. After that , they would steal Geiger s car and drive to the Smoky Mountains. O n the morning of January 6, Coffman placed a packet of rat poison in her purse and board the school bus. Coffman told another student, Christy Hernandez, of the plan and show her the poison. HernandezRead MoreParental Stress And Child Development1292 Words   |  6 Pagesresearchers by Brydges, Nichola M. (2012) used a cognitive bias test, also use a traditional measurement of anxiety, to look into the effects of juvenile stress (JS) on adulthood behavior. The participants subjects were 24 males and 24 females Lister Hooded rats, bred from 11 adult rats. The animal were the house with the same sex, same litter cages. The rats were identified by a permanent marker around the tail. The result of this study showed that the control animals were very heavier than JS animalsRead MoreThe Film Mind Of A Rampage Killer1475 Words   |  6 Pagesby genetics, to psychologists studying maternal care and attachment during infancy. For example, the documentary presents the discussion of research studying rats which suggests that baby rats that were frequently licked by their mother grew up to be calmer and gentler. Yet, if their mother was more distant in the babies’ infancy, the rats were observed as having higher blood pressure and higher levels of stress when in stressful situations. The researchers also suggest that this phenomenon is notRead MoreIdiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Essay1355 Words   |  6 Pagesanimal model. Since absence seizures are the prototypical form of idiopathic seizures in juveniles, I would start with a rat model called the Genetic Absence Epilepsy in Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) or the WAG/Rij strain of rats (22). If I had to choose between the two, I would focus on the WAG/Rij strain to start. This model has clinical and electroencephalographic signs characterizing absences in both rats and humans (23). In both species, there is a decrease in responsiveness during the pres enceRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Salvatore Gravano 1316 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the bullying ceased. Unfortunately, for Gravano he took the violence to another level when he aimed it at the principle and was expelled from the school. He was then forced to attend a school equipped for juvenile delinquents. At the age of sixteen he dropped out of the school for juvenile delinquents because he had decided that he did not want to work for wealth. Adopting this new way of life, not working for wealth, Gravano allied himself with a street gang in Bensonhurst called the Rampers

Marx and Nietzsche Free Essays

In these paragraphs Marx takes into consideration the first ‘illusion of German Ideology’ and questions it validity. German philosophy based its premises about human consciousness on idealism whereas Marx develops it from the material existence of humans.   He says that ‘[t]he premises from which we begin are not arbitrary ones, not dogmas, but real premises†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Marx, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Marx and Nietzsche or any similar topic only for you Order Now 311), these premises are based on â€Å"the real individuals, their activity and the material conditions under which they live† (p. 311) whereas German premises does not originate from human existence but is a production of mental exercise. Marxian method is historical materialism but it does not mean that it is not based on premises but unlike German premises, it is based on real life. So Marx says; ‘In direct contrast to German philosophy which descends from heaven to earth, here we ascend from earth to heaven. That is to say, we do not set out from what men say, imagine, conceive, nor from men as narrated, thought of, imagined, conceived, in order to arrive at men in the flesh. We set out from real, active men, and on the basis of their real life-process we demonstrate the development of the ideological reflexes and echoes of this life-process.’ (Marx, p. 315) Marx is of the view that primarily human beings are productive as they must develop a system of production to comply with their means of subsistence and only hence they can satisfy their material needs. This necessity generates a chain reaction i.e. new needs and new production. And these productive forces and processes develop the social existence of human being. So it is the material life that determines the social life of humans. So materialism directs the social and hence the human consciousness. â€Å"Consciousness is, therefore, from the very beginning a social product, and remains so as long as men exist at all.† (Marx, p. 317) According to Nietzsche, Greek Tragedy was evolved from the traditional chorus that was innovative and original drama evolved from Greek ritualism.—Nietzsche refutes   Aristotelian theory pertaining to origin of Greek tragedy and rests his premises on the theory of Schiller. Schiller theory is of the view that chorus is a living wall that has enveloped the Greek tragedy in order to detach itself from the real world and its realities. And thus it has retained its poetic autonomy and saved itself from naturalism. â€Å"The satyr, as the dionysian chorist, lives in a religiously acknowledged reality under the sanction of myth and cult.† (Nietzsche, p. 322) Chorus, an epitome of myth and cult of religions becomes the basic of Greek Tragedy in opposition to naturalism prevailing in the contemporary intellectual world. The tragedy chorus replicates this natural occurrence in an artistic way. Nietzsche illustrates that tragedy as an art form is valuable for humanity. In contrast to Schopenhauer, Nietzsche demonstrates that tragedy as the art form of corporeal recognition and approval of pathos and miseries of life and exulting in these harsh realities adoration of pre-destination. Apollonian and Dionysian differences on Tragedy stem from their intellectual differentiations and practical manifestation of this form of art. Nietzsche is of the view that tragedy is endangered when music is discarded. To Nietzsche, Apollonian music was â€Å"Doric architecture in sonic mode† but Dionysian music was of supreme kind with poignant power of sound and melodious current. Nietzsche further points out the differences between the Dionysos and Socrates thematic expression. Overall, Nietzsche considers tragedy as beautiful fusion and manifestation of Dionysian astuteness and Apollonian art. How to cite Marx and Nietzsche, Essay examples

Neurological Assessment Principles of Diagnosis and Treatment

Question: Discuss about theNeurological Assessment for Principles of Diagnosis and Treatment. Answer: A head injury can take serious turn in the matter of minutes if adequate care and precautions are not take at the right time (Marlini, 2016). In the case scenario opted for the particular assignment two young woman Samantha and Donna were playing soccer when suddenly the ball hit Samantha in the head and she fell with the impact. Clearly she was hurt but she brushed it off for the time being and carried on with her daily activities. However it has to be considered that in case of any head nothing is nominal and Samantha should have visited the clinic immediately to get her head checked by a professional health care worker (McMahon et al., 2013). However as the day progressed the pain in her head got worse to a point and it showed in her behavioral attributes. Hence her friend donna noticing her discomfort took her to the doctor. For this particular case study the assessment technique opted is the PQRST standard nursing assessment technique. Now PQRST technique is the standard technique used for the pain assessment worldwide and is the most clinical reasonable and logical assessment technique in the field of health care (Lundberg, 2014). The PQRST approach starts with a preliminary provoking session where the patient is probed to start the communication about the health related the patient is having. It progresses with communicating with the patient to elicit information about the quality of the pain. The next in line is extracting information of the exact region of the pain and followed by checking the severity of the pain by the assistance any pain rating scale in use (Lundberg, 2014). The last part of this assessment technique is enquiring the patent for how long he or she has felt the pain and if it has changed in intensity along that course of time. The PQRST method of pain assessment is so popular all across the globe is because of the precise and step by step actions it involves. I elicits genuine and to the point information from the patient about the origin, quality, region, severity and time period for the pain the patient is experiencing (Gilron, Baron Jensen, 2015). It serves as the basic ground on which the prognosis and the treatment of the patent will be founded. However in case of a neurological pain assessment the simple and basic PQRST method of assessment is not enough (Freeman et al., 2014). In case of a patient who took a direct hit to head the consciousness of the patent needs to be checked. As the injury to the brain tissues can happen with the smallest of hits and can manifest into a serious health problem. Followed by that the level of lethargy in the paten should be assessed, to ensure along with the motor skills and movement abilities (Andina, 2016). In a brain injury repercussions can include impaired movement skills and immense fatigue that is indicative of brain tissue trauma. Apart from that the patient should be assessed for any state of stupor or confusion as these symptoms are also indicative if internal tissue damage that demands immediate medical attention (Andina, 2016). I Patient: Samantha, age: late teens Attender: Maria, Designation: registered nurse S I am calling about the ankle injury that patient named Samantha has underwent and needs an x ray to be performed immediately to check for any broken bones or ligament tear. B Patient Samantha was involved in a cheerleading practice when while trying out a stunt and then fell on her ankle ad hurt it badly. She felt her ankle roll while she fell and feels her ankle bone is either broken or bruised. She experiences pain whenever she puts pressure on that ankle. A I have assessed her pain by the assistance of PQRST assessment technique through which it was discovered that the severity of her pain to be 4 or 5 according to her and given her medication to reduce the swelling along with walking support. R I assume her injury to be an ankle sprain however an X ray is in order to rule out any chances for broken or bruised bones or ligament tear. Other than that make sure that the patient is given a pain medication to reduce her pain as well. Reference List: Andina, I. D. (2016). Improving Studentsreading Comprehension Ability In Narrative Text Through Pqrst Technique Of Eight Graders At Mts Negeri Jambewangi Academic year 2015/2016. Freeman, R., Baron, R., Bouhassira, D., Cabrera, J., Emir, B. (2014). Sensory profiles of patients with neuropathic pain based on the neuropathic pain symptoms and signs.PAIN,155(2), 367-376. Gilron, I., Baron, R., Jensen, T. (2015, April). Neuropathic pain: principles of diagnosis and treatment. InMayo Clinic Proceedings(Vol. 90, No. 4, pp. 532-545). Elsevier. Lundberg, K. L. (2014). What are internal medicine residents missing? A communication needs assessment of outpatient clinical encounters.Patient education and counseling,96(3), 376-380. Marlini, C. (2016). Developing Pqrst (Preview, Question, Read, Summarize And Test) Strategy-Based Intensive Reading Instructional Materials For The Students In Grade Iv Of Elementary School. McMahon, S. B., Koltzenburg, M., Tracey, I., Turk, D. (2013).Wall Melzack's textbook of pain. Elsevier Health Sciences.